Lub tub yees yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov cua txias los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov cua sov.Nws feem ntau yog siv los khaws cov zaub mov thiab lwm yam khoom tsis zoo, tiv thaiv kev noj zaub mov.Nws ua haujlwm vim tias cov kab mob loj hlob qeeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Txoj kev khaws cia zaub mov los ntawm kev ua kom txias tau nyob ib ncig ntawm ntau txhiab xyoo, tab sis lub tub yees niaj hnub yog ib qho kev tsim tshiab tsis ntev los no.Niaj hnub no, qhov kev thov rau tub yees thiab cua txias sawv cev ze li ntawm 20 feem pua ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb, raws li tsab xov xwm 2015 hauv International Journal of Refrigeration.
Keeb kwm
Cov Suav txiav thiab khaws cov dej khov nyob ib ncig ntawm 1000 BC, thiab 500 xyoo tom qab ntawd, cov neeg Iyiv thiab Khab Khab tau kawm tawm hauv lub lauj kaub av thaum hmo ntuj los ua dej khov, raws li Keep It Cool, lub tuam txhab cua sov thiab cua txias hauv Lake Park, Florida.Lwm yam kev vam meej, xws li Greeks, Loos thiab Henplais, khaws cov daus hauv qhov pits thiab npog lawv nrog ntau yam ntaub ntawv insulating, raws li keeb kwm magazine.Hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv Tebchaws Europe thaum xyoo pua 17th, cov dej ntsev yaj hauv dej tau pom los tsim kom muaj cua txias thiab siv los ua dej khov.Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, cov neeg European tau sau cov dej khov rau lub caij ntuj no, salted, qhwv nws hauv flannel, thiab khaws cia rau hauv av uas nws khaws cia rau lub hlis.Cov dej khov tau raug xa mus rau lwm qhov chaw thoob ntiaj teb, raws li 2004 tsab xov xwm luam tawm hauv phau ntawv xov xwm ntawm American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).
evaporative cua txias
Lub tswv yim ntawm lub tshuab tub yees pib thaum William Cullen, kws kho mob Scottish, pom tias evaporation muaj qhov txias txias hauv xyoo 1720.Nws tau nthuav tawm nws cov tswv yim hauv xyoo 1748 los ntawm evaporating ethyl ether hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, raws li Peak Mechanical Partnership, lub tuam txhab kav dej thiab cua sov nyob hauv Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
Oliver Evans, ib tug neeg tsim khoom Asmeskas, tsim tab sis tsis tsim lub tshuab tub yees uas siv vapor hloov ua kua hauv xyoo 1805. Xyoo 1820, tus kws tshawb fawb Askiv Michael Faraday tau siv liquefied ammonia los ua kom txias.Jacob Perkins, uas ua haujlwm nrog Evans, tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj rau lub voj voog vaporcompression siv cov kua ammonia hauv xyoo 1835, raws li Keeb Kwm ntawm Lub Tub Yees.Rau qhov ntawd, qee zaum nws hu ua "txiv ntawm lub tub yees." John Gorrie, tus kws kho mob Asmeskas, kuj tau tsim lub tshuab zoo ib yam li Evans tus qauv hauv xyoo 1842. Gorrie siv nws lub tub yees, uas tsim cov dej khov, kom txias cov neeg mob kub taub hau. hauv tsev kho mob Florida.Gorrie tau txais thawj US patent rau nws txoj kev tsim cov dej khov hauv xyoo 1851.
Lwm cov neeg tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb txuas ntxiv txhim kho tshiab thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm rau tub yees, raws li Peak Mechanical, suav nrog:
Ferdinand Carré, tus kws tshaj lij Fab Kis Fab Kis, tau tsim lub tub yees uas siv cov tshuaj ammonia thiab dej hauv xyoo 1859.
Carl von Linde, tus kws tshawb fawb German, tau tsim lub tshuab ua pa compressor tub yees siv methyl ether hauv xyoo 1873, thiab xyoo 1876 tau hloov mus rau ammonia.Xyoo 1894, Linde kuj tau tsim txoj hauv kev tshiab rau liquefying huab cua ntau.
Xyoo 1899, Albert T. Marshall, tus neeg tsim khoom Asmeskas, tau patented thawj lub tshuab tub yees.
Tus kws kho mob nto moo Albert Einstein patented lub tub yees hauv xyoo 1930 nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim lub tub yees zoo ib puag ncig uas tsis muaj qhov txav mus los thiab tsis vam khom hluav taws xob.
Qhov nrov ntawm cov tub yees ua lag luam tau loj hlob mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th vim yog breweries, raws li Peak Mechanical, qhov chaw thawj lub tub yees tau teeb tsa ntawm lub brewery hauv Brooklyn, New York, xyoo 1870. Los ntawm lub xyoo pua, ze li ntawm tag nrho cov breweries. muaj lub tub yees.
Kev lag luam nqaij ntim khoom ua raws li thawj lub tub yees tau tshaj tawm hauv Chicago hauv xyoo 1900, raws li keeb kwm magazine, thiab yuav luag 15 xyoo tom qab, yuav luag tag nrho cov nqaij ntim khoom siv tub yees. Cov tub yees tau suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv tsev los ntawm xyoo 1920, thiab ntau dua 90 feem pua ntawm cov tsev neeg Asmeskas muaj lub tub yees.
Niaj hnub no, yuav luag txhua lub tsev hauv Tebchaws Meskas - 99 feem pua - muaj tsawg kawg yog ib lub tub yees, thiab kwv yees li 26 feem pua ntawm cov tsev hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas muaj ntau dua ib qho, raws li tsab ntawv tshaj tawm xyoo 2009 los ntawm US Department of Energy.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-04-2022